PQC standards and algorithm roadmap: The CISA advisory is aimed at aligning technologies with the nascent PQC standards now added into federal policy. NIST’s post-quantum standardization project and its Federal Information Processing Standards (FIPS) publications formed the baseline for the advisory.These include FIPS 203, which specifies the Module-lattice-Based Key Encapsulation Mechanism (ML-KEM) based on the CRYSTALS-KYBER algorithm for secure key establishment, FIPS 204, which defines the Module-Lattice-Based Digital Signature Algorithm (ML-DSA) rooted in CRYSTALS-Dilithium for secure digital signatures, and FIPS 205, which covers the Stateless Hash-Based Digital Signature Algorithm (SLH-DSA) derived from SPHINCS+ hash-based signature scheme. These standards implement mathematical constructions designed to resist both classical and quantum cryptanalytic attacks. To qualify as PQC-ready under CISA’s view, products are expected to implement these PQC primitives for key establishment (enabling two parties to negotiate secure session keys) and digital signatures (for authentication and integrity).
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